This study describes the predisposing factors and ophthalmic characteristics of children with cortical visual impairment (CVI) at a tertiary centre in India. This was a retrospective cross-section study of children <16-years-old over a four-year period. A review of 88 patients is included. 65.9% were male and presented aged 1-180 months (mean 47.53). Predisposing factors included significant antenatal history (25%), history of preterm delivery (37.5%), caesarean section (44.3%), eventful perinatal period (91% - low birth weight, delayed cry, NICU admission, history of oxygen treatment, fever, seizures, sepsis, jaundice, feeding difficulty, hypoglycaemia, hydrocephalus, birth trauma), history of post-neonatal infection and meningitis (12.5%), systemic associations (85.2%). The most common underlying mechanism was perinatal hypoxia (40.9%) and seizure (35.2%). Ophthalmic characteristics included altered visual behaviour, reduced visual acuity assessment, refractive error (myopia more prevalent than hypermetropia), accommodative anomaly, strabismus, ocular motility defects and fundus abnormalities. Demographic trends in this study were similar to those of developed nations.
CVI features in an Indian population
Reviewed by Fiona Rowe
Predisposing factors, ophthalmic manifestations and radiological findings in children with CVI.
CONTRIBUTOR
Fiona Rowe (Prof)
Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, UK.
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