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Moorfields Manual of Ophthalmology

The second edition of MMO edited by Timothy Jackson is a very handy practical resource for use in the eye casualty by doctors of all grades and nurse practitioners. It is a user-friendly, well presented manual, comprising 14 sections followed...

Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and age-related cataracts

Cataractogenesis occurs as a result of ageing, smoking, exposure to UV radiation and genetic predisposition. Antioxidants can reduce the cataract risk as found in animal models and humans and vitamin D is one of them. This epidemiological study based in...

Referral patterns and pathways for intracranial hypertension

The authors present a retrospective case review of individuals with suspected raised intracranial pressure (ICP) over a 12-month period a single tertiary neuro-ophthalmology centre. Cases were categorised into four groups based on examination by neuro-ophthalmology; 1) referred after identification of...

Providing well-developed education materials can improve follow-up attendance for retinopathy of prematurity screening

he authors present a repeated measures study with parents of children at risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Inclusion criteria for the study was parents with children born at <32 weeks or with a birth weight under 1.5kg. Participants...

Is this a retinal detachment?

Despite the help of allied health professionals in triaging and managing acute ophthalmic emergencies, eye casualty remains overburdened. Trainees at the beginning of their training often struggle to manage such busy clinics with varied presentations. We present a case that...

Homonymous hemianopia due to stroke presenting symptoms and lesion locations

A retrospective case notes review was undertaken of patients diagnosed with homonymous hemianopia following a radiologically confirmed stroke. A total of 85 patients were identified by searching an electronic medical records system over an 11-year period. Data were extracted from...

The future of binocular viewing systems?

I recently had the pleasure to visit Vision Engineering’s headquarters and manufacturing facility in Woking, UK. Vision Engineering have built an international reputation for engineering microscopes that provide 3D visualisation without the use of traditional optical eyepieces. Although the company...

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus: the essentials

Herpes zoster, also referred to as shingles, is a common infection most typically caused by the reactivation of varicella zoster virus that lies dormant (sometime for decades) in the dorsal root nerve ganglion following primary chickenpox infection [1]. In 10-20%...

A guide to the Multi-Speciality Recruitment Assessment (MSRA) exam

The MSRA exam is a mandatory part of the application for ophthalmology specialist training in the UK. It is a computer-based exam which is designed to assess junior doctors with foundation level competence. It is used for entry to postgraduate...

Analysis of needle site after intravitreal injection for retinoblastoma

This study analysed the needle washings from retinoblastoma (RB) eyes receiving intravitreal Melphalon to consider risk of tumour externalisation from the procedure – 280 injections to 63 eyes in 61 patients were evaluated. Unilateral RB was present in 24 patients...

Unravelling ocular motility

Ocular motility can often be a slightly abstract concept during the earlier years of ophthalmology training. A large variance on what embodies normality; mythical concepts like fusion and binocular vision, examination techniques that can be fiddly, and complex neuroanatomy all...

The Escape Room and gamification of ophthalmology teaching

Recently, there has been an interesting development in medical education and its ‘gamification’. Educators are constantly looking for new ways to engage their students by adding a friendly element of competition, as evidenced by the great success of online education...