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Ranibizumab for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration

This multicentre randomised prospective open label study compared 0.5 versus 2mg of ranibizumab in patients with submacular retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) detachment due to age-related macular degeneration. Four treatment regimens were used for the two strengths either monthly for 12...

Role of fundus autofluorescence patterns and baseline atrophy area on geographic atrophy progression

Central geographic atrophy (GA) is one of the morphological sub types of late-stage macular degeneration. The natural course of the disease is characterised by expanding areas of macular atrophy, which cause absolute scotoma. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) is derived from lipofuscin...

NICE drugs: an update on what’s good to go

Treatment options recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) must be readily available for use in the NHS of England and Wales. This article provides an overview of recent guidance from NICE and summary advice issued...

Wet AMD outcomes post cataract surgery

The authors present the findings of a retrospective study looking at the progression of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in patients who underwent cataract surgery. They recruited a series of 111 patients of which 38 were men and 73 were...

Progression of macular atrophy on long-term anti-VEGF therapy for AMD

This retrospective study evaluated the progression of macular atrophy in 53 eyes of 53 patients receiving AntiVEGF Therapy for age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), for at least six years. None of the patients had any macular atrophy (MA) at presentation. MA...

Specialist high-street eye clinics for managing patients with retinal disorders can enhance care standards

The author examines the successful introduction of community-based retinal clinic services by Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust. Dr Sajjad Mahmood, Consultant Ophthalmologist, MREH, shares experience of establishing community-based medical retina clinic services. Sight loss from age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataract,...

25 years of OCT

David Huang first described optical coherence tomography (OCT) in 1991, in his seminal paper on the subject in Science. This method developed the work of others on ophthalmic interferometry, which essentially showed that measuring reflected light could be used to...

Ocular electrophysiology

A 34-year-old woman, who is a CEO in a multinational firm, has been losing vision over the last 12 months. She has seen her opticians, who initially tried different glasses but could not improve things. Clinical examination is unremarkable. How...

How to examine the visual system Part 2: Accommodation, pupils, fundoscopy and additional tests

Examining the visual system can be a tricky skill for medical students to master, yet it is a task that is frequently tested in examinations. This is the second of a two-part series of articles, which together aim to improve...

Systemic sarcoidosis presenting with acute myopia and angle closure

Case report A 40-year-old Asian man presented to the Emergency Department with a one day history of sudden onset visual disturbance in his right eye. He complained of image distortion and noted that objects now appeared smaller. He also described...

All eyes on Twiggy as she fronts new campaign warning us: don’t lose focus of your eye health

Dame Twiggy Lawson fronts a new public awareness campaign focused on eye health, as cases of macular disease increase with our ageing population.

Injection frequency and anatomic outcomes following conversion to Aflibercept in neovascular AMD patients

This is a retrospective study of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) treated with intravitreal Lucentis and / or Avastin who were switched to aflibercept (Eylea). This study was carried out by the Casey Eye Institute retinal clinics, between...