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Vitreoretinal Disease: Diagnosis, Management and Clinical Pearls (second edition)
A comprehensive, well-illustrated and highly informative resource providing excellent descriptions of vitreoretinal diseases, their presentation, diagnosis and management. The 40 chapters are grouped into four sections, namely: the Anatomy and Physiology of the vitreous, retina, choroid and retinal pigment epithelium;...Possible COVID-19 related maculopathy
COVID-19 is being investigated as a potential cause for various ocular diseases, with growing evidence of related retinal vascular changes, that vary from isolated cotton wool spots and retinal haemorrhages to retinal vascular occlusions [1.2]. COVID-related macular affection has also...Understanding vasoproliferative retinal tumours
Syed Irtiza Ali Shah explores this rare and unusual condition through a fascinating case presentation. Vasoproliferative tumours of the retina (VPTR) are a vascular mass with an associated exudative retinopathy alongside the presence of minimally dilated feeder vessels. This is...The International AMD Genomics Consortium study: another success in understanding the complex genetics of AMD
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a neurodegenerative complex disease of the eye and a major cause of blindness and visual impairment among the elderly worldwide. The early stages of the disease are characterised by asymptomatic pigmentary abnormalities and accumulation of...Jun/Jul 2015 Quiz
History A 35-year-old male presents with bilateral corneal opacities. Examination shows a honeycomb-type dystrophy. A penetrating keratoplasty is performed and the specimen sent for ophthalmic histopathological assessment. Figure 1 is the haemotoxylin & eosin (H&E). Figure 2 is a Masson...
Pain control during orbital implant surgery
This is a study based on existing evidence that pre-emptive pain control has advantages over traditional post-surgical analgesia. The authors compared pain scores in three groups of randomly assigned and masked patients all undergoing orbital implant surgery under general anaesthesia...Caring for adults with an ocular tumour
Detection If you screen for an intraocular tumour, dilate the pupil. If the patient is driving, use phenylephrine only. If the patient declines, document this in the casenotes. Don’t forget to look for sentinel vessels, which would indicate a ciliary...Pathophysiology of diabetic macular oedema: why combination therapy may be better
The prevalence of diabetes has continued to increase over the years. It is currently estimated that there are 382 million with diabetes worldwide in 2013, and that this figure is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035 [1]. In...White dot syndromes
It is fair to say that trainees and consultants who are not medical retina specialists are a bit scared of the so called retinal ‘white dot syndromes’. It is easy to understand why this is the case, as almost every...
Essentials of OCT in Ocular Disease
Sir Isaac Newton was the first to establish the technique of low coherence white light interferometry. Following on from this, the principle of laser interferometry as an imaging modality for retina was applied by David Huang and his associates in...Warfarin Induced Suprachoroidal Haemorrhage Presenting as Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma
Spontaneous suprachoroidal haemorrhage is a rare but recognised entity. Anticoagulant therapy is a well known risk factor. We describe a case of warfarin induced suprachoroidal haemorrhage presenting as acute angle closure glaucoma in a patient with raised International Normalised Ratio...
