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The embryology of the eye

Nobody claims to like embryology. At least nobody I know. It has been a neglected part of the curriculum since time immemorial and a vicious cycle occurs in which those with an incomplete understanding fail to appreciate the inherent beauty...

Can OCT predict Alzheimer’s disease?

Simerdip Kaur takes a look at the latest ophthalmology-related news stories and asks which are based on facts and which are ‘fake news’. Headline: Can OCT predict Alzheimer’s disease? In 1986 Hinton et al. demonstrated evidence of optic nerve degeneration...

Insights on medical AI for ophthalmology: an update on current perspectives

Artificial intelligence (AI) has immense promise for revolutionising medical practice. Generative AI is a form of AI in which algorithms are trained on datasets that can be used to generate new content, such as text, images or video based on...

Assessment of slow and fast vergence in stroke survivors

The authors present the findings of a prospective cohort study. Three hundred and five stroke survivors were recruited consecutively. The following exclusion criteria were applied; aphasia, cognitive impairment, visual inattention, ocular motor nerve palsy and neuromuscular disease. Fifty age-matched controls...

Assaying acetylcholine receptor antibodies in the diagnosis of ocular myasthenia

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease that leads to impaired neuromuscular transmission. Solely ocular manifestations of MG (OMG) occur in 15-50% of cases, most frequently in the form of fluctuating ptosis and diplopia. Most cases of OMG convert later...

Safe cataract extraction with underlying hypotonous cilio-choroidal detachment following trabeculectomy surgery

The authors of this study (including the reviewer of this article) describe a surgical technique for phacoemulsification in the presence of shallow choroidal detachment owing to hypotony following trabeculectomy. In their case series, four eyes of four patients with advanced...

Lessons from an unusual case of syphilis

The rise of syphilis transmission rates over the past two decades has been one of public health’s great puzzles. In the UK, the situation has reached epidemic levels, with a 126% increase between 2013 and 2018 [1]. We present a...

Real-world experience and outcomes of SLT laser used as a first-line treatment in ocular hypertension patients in a United Kingdom National Health Service setting

The management of raised intraocular pressure (IOP) in the context of ocular hypertension (OHT) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) remains a major contributor to the workload of ophthalmology units across the UK. Treatment of these conditions has historically centred...

Retinal vascular occlusion from gentamicin injection post-vitrectomy

The authors present two case reports for the rare, but serious, complication of retinal vascular occlusion as a presumed result of subconjunctival injection following 25-gauge vitrectomy. Risk factors for the complication include: cardiovascular disease, retrobulbar anaesthesia, high intraocular pressure (IOP)...

Do patient demographics influence AMD clinic attendance during COVID-19 lockdown?

The authors assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adherence to scheduled clinic appointments among age-related macular degeneration patients in a clinic in North Wales. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the population, affecting economic and social wellbeing, whilst...

OCTA in diabetic macular oedema treated with intravitreal aflibercept (DOCTA Study)

Central vision loss due to diabetic macular oedema (DME) can be attributed not only to presence of the macular oedema itself but also, in some cases, to alterations of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ). The DOCTA trial was a longitudinal,...

Tackling diabetic retinopathy globally through the VISION 2020 LINKS Diabetic Retinopathy Network

It is abundantly clear that the burden of diabetes is rapidly increasing, as there are now 415 million adults with diabetes in the world, with a projected rise to 642 million by 2040 [1]. This equates to 1 in 10...