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The paediatric cataract: an overview of the embryology and pathophysiology

5 February 2020 | | Ophthalmology, Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus, Cataract and Refractive
In the first of the two articles (see Part 2 here) on paediatric cataracts, Samuel Aryee reviews the aetiology of this condition. Cataracts arise from opacification of the natural transparent lens, which can cause partial or total blindness. Although the...

“Beware of the pigment”

4 August 2021 | | Ophthalmology, Glaucoma
Using some captivating artwork, Iheukwumere Duru describes key features of pigment dispersion syndrome. Pigmentary dispersion syndrome (PDS) leads to pigmentary glaucoma (PG) in approximately 35-50% of patients with the condition [1]. PG is the leading cause of non-traumatic blindness in...

Strabismus and ocular motility, demystified

3 April 2024 | | Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus, Optometry
I am a former orthoptist, now trained in medicine and working as a foundation doctor. In my previous work, I was frequently approached by ophthalmology trainees eager for guidance with strabismus and ocular motility. Drawing on my clinical experience, I...

How a calcified Soemmerring ring was removed from the vitreous cavity when the cutter and forceps failed to do so

1 June 2018 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Know’st thou the land where lemon-trees do bloom,And oranges like gold in leafy gloom; A gentle wind from deep blue heaven blows, The myrtle thick, and high the laurel grows? ‘Tis there! ‘tis there, O my beloved one, I with...

Myopia-related strabismus – heavy eye syndrome

3 January 2023 | | Ophthalmology
Introduction Myopia can be associated with any type of strabismus, but high myopia has increased frequency of esotropia and vertical heterotropia. The incidence and severity of the strabismus increases with the degree of myopia and age of the patient. Classification...

Surgical strategies to manage incomitant strabismus in adults

5 April 2022 | | Ophthalmology, Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus
Incomitant vertical and / or horizontal strabismus is a challenging presentation. Patients are usually symptomatic as the onset is either sudden so they haven’t developed any coping mechanisms or very complex so that any coping mechanisms will not cover all...

Cavernous sinus syndrome

4 February 2021 | | Ophthalmology, Neuro-Ophthalmology
Anatomically the cavernous sinus is a plexus of multiple veins that are connected and within this plexus there are several important vascular and neurological structures. These include cranial nerves III, IV, V1 (and sometimes V2), VI as well as the...

What you learn after performing 10,000 cataracts

1 May 2018 | | Cataract and Refractive, Ophthalmology
What do you do when the anterior chamber shallows, or the zonules give way? How do you handle the stubborn epinuclear plate? Raymond Radford shares the benefit of his experience when dealing with tricky cataract surgery. Firstly, you realise you...

Optic nerve swelling – your survival guide (part 2)

1 December 2017 | | Neuro-Ophthalmology
In this second article we will discuss bilateral optic nerve swelling, its aetiology, various investigations and possible treatments. We will also discuss various protocols used in the management of suspected optic nerve swelling cases. (Part one of this topic available...

Under pressure: a tool to aid the 
non-ophthalmic practitioner in the timely management of acute angle closure

1 April 2017 | | Ophthalmology
Acute angle closure is a true ophthalmic emergency that mandates timely diagnosis and treatment. The priority in initial management is to lower the intraocular pressure in an expeditious matter using medical treatments. The risk of irreversible glaucomatous optic neuropathy is...

Doctor by the sea (Pete’s Hidden Curriculum Part 1)

1 February 2022 | | Ophthalmology
See Pete's Hidden Curriculum Part 2 here. “They can always hurt you more.” This is The Fat Man’s Law Number 8 from the book The House of God by Samuel Shem. For those that have not read this book, it...

Nanosecond laser cataract surgery

2 December 2019 | | Cataract and Refractive, Ophthalmology
The authors review the evidence for nanosecond laser cataract surgery: is this the future? Cataract is a leading cause of visual impairment worldwide, and cataract surgery is one of the most successful and cost-effective healthcare interventions, with a great impact...