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Retinotopic fMRI reveals visual dysfunction and functional reorganisation in the visual cortex of glaucoma patients

This study investigated the retinotopic functional representation in the visual cortex of mild to moderate primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) participants and age-matched normal volunteers, using wide-view visual presentation, high-resolution retinotopic stimuli, and high-resolution blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic...

Corneal molecular and cellular biology for refractive surgeon

This is an interesting literature review that looks into the recent advances concerning the corneal molecular and cellular processes that are involved in the wound healing response after excimer laser surface ablation and LASIK surgery. It talks about the complex...

100 years of insulin

*Joint first authors The centenary of the discovery of insulin is a time to celebrate one of the most significant scientific discoveries of the 20th century. Background Before 1923, Type 1 diabetes mellitus [T1DM] resulted in death from severe ketoacidosis...

Nano-ophthalmology paves a new path in the future of eyecare

Introduction The treatments of ocular conditions in the field of ophthalmology varies from topical to surgical procedures. The field of nanotechnology is one of the fast-growing fields of medicine, which plays an important role in turning the impossibilities of the...

Relationship between nocturnal intraocular pressure elevation and diurnal intraocular pressure level in NTG patients

This group studies Korean normo-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients over a 24-hour period to assess if there was a relationship between nocturnal intraocular pressure (IOP) and diurnal IOP. They have previously suggested differences in diurnal IOP may have varying mechanisms of...

Using a tumour registry to investigate optic nerve gliomas

This study is a retrospective comparative analysis. Patients with optic nerve glioma and pilocytic astrocytoma were identified through the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) cancer registry covering a 42-year period using standardised codes. The following data was extracted: basic...

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus: a clinician’s perspective

Introduction Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is caused by the reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV). The term herpes is derived from a Greek work, herpein, which means ‘creeping’ and the word zoster means a belt or a girdle...

Preoperative RPE alterations in macular holes

This retrospective interventional case series from Japan assessed whether preoperative alterations of the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) in idiopathic macular holes correlated with postoperative functional and morphological changes in the macula. Fifty-nine eyes had preoperative Spectralis OCT using the ‘detailed’...

Severe conjunctival cicatrisation secondary to chronic glaucoma therapy

The timing of glaucoma filteration surgery during the course of chronic progressive glaucoma remains a contentious issue amongst glaucoma specialists. The vast majority support the use of maximal medical treatment initially to achieve the target pressure. Surgical procedures are only...

Somatostatin protects retinal pericytes

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes, caused by high blood sugar levels damaging the retinal microvasculature. Mechanisms, such as oxidative stress and deposition of advanced glycation end products, leads to glial cell activation and neuronal apoptosis. Pericytes, contractile...

Ocular Trauma Scores in paediatric open globe injuries

This is a retrospective case series of 71 open globe injuries in children of less than 18 years of age, with a minimum follow-up period of one year, between 1 September 1992 to 31 July 2011, from the Eye Department...

Code-Free Deep Learning: a step into the future of ophthalmology

A new focus has arisen within the research domain of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare called code-free deep learning (CFDL), and recent research demonstrates that ophthalmology is becoming one of the leading specialties in this field. Artificial intelligence (AI) is...