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PACK-crosslinking for infectious keratitis

1 October 2015 | | Cornea / External Eye Disease
Corneal cross-linking with riboflavin and UV-A light (CXL) is a technology that has been initially developed to treat corneal ectatic disorders [1]. Its effect in stabilising diseases such as keratoconus was reported in numerous trials with excellent long-term outcomes and...

Assessing everyday visual function in dry AMD – what matters to the person?

1 April 2019 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, AMD, Ophthalmology, Optometry
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of blindness in the developed world and is accountable for more than one half of sight impairment registrations within England and Wales [1]. AMD is prevalent in people aged 60 years and...

White dot syndromes

1 September 2015 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
It is fair to say that trainees and consultants who are not medical retina specialists are a bit scared of the so called retinal ‘white dot syndromes’. It is easy to understand why this is the case, as almost every...

The treachery of images – making sense of OCT imaging

1 June 2016 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, Imaging
In 1929 Belgian surrealist Rene Magritte produced his painting La Trahison des Images. It depicted an old fashioned pipe for smoking tobacco and underneath were the words “ceci n’est pas une pipe”, this is not a pipe. You may wonder...

The paediatric cataract: an overview of the embryology and pathophysiology

5 February 2020 | | Ophthalmology, Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus, Cataract and Refractive
In the first of the two articles (see Part 2 here) on paediatric cataracts, Samuel Aryee reviews the aetiology of this condition. Cataracts arise from opacification of the natural transparent lens, which can cause partial or total blindness. Although the...

Retinal prosthetics: science fiction or a vision for the future?

2 December 2019 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, Ophthalmology
“Is it a fact – or have I dreamt it – that, by means of electricity, the world of matter has become a great nerve, vibrating thousands of miles in a breathless point of time?” – Nathaniel Hawthorne, The House...

Lessons from an unusual case of syphilis

3 August 2023 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
The rise of syphilis transmission rates over the past two decades has been one of public health’s great puzzles. In the UK, the situation has reached epidemic levels, with a 126% increase between 2013 and 2018 [1]. We present a...

Periocular burns: a literature review of classification, management protocols and outcomes of treatment

1 October 2021 | | Ophthalmology, Cornea / External Eye Disease, Oculoplastics
The author provides a review of the current literature regarding the principles of classification, management protocols of acute ocular and periocular burns and the role of the burn and oculoplastic surgeon involved in their care. More than two-thirds of facial...

The International AMD Genomics Consortium study: another success in understanding the complex genetics of AMD

1 April 2017 | | Genetics
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a neurodegenerative complex disease of the eye and a major cause of blindness and visual impairment among the elderly worldwide. The early stages of the disease are characterised by asymptomatic pigmentary abnormalities and accumulation of...

25 years of OCT

1 December 2016 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, Imaging
David Huang first described optical coherence tomography (OCT) in 1991, in his seminal paper on the subject in Science. This method developed the work of others on ophthalmic interferometry, which essentially showed that measuring reflected light could be used to...

An update on inherited retinal disorders (part 1) – overview and assessment of inherited retinal disease

1 October 2016 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Part 2 of this topic can be found here Inherited Retinal Disease (IRD) is the leading cause of blindness certification in the working age population (age 16-64 years) in England and Wales and the second most common in childhood [1]....

A brief history of colour vision

1 April 2019 | | Ophthalmology, Optometry
Andrew Want takes a look at how colour vision has evolved in humans and animals and how it differs across species. Colour vision is something that we often take for granted, but it has become so intrinsic to the way...