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Diabetes and diabetic retinopathy: Changes in understanding of the disease over the last 25 years and how the UK is helping low-income countries tackle the challenges

Diabetes – a historical perspective Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by inherited and / or acquired deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas, or by the ineffectiveness of the insulin produced. Such a deficiency results in...

Photophobia: an unusual symptom of a pituitary macroadenoma

Introduction Photophobia, defined as ‘an abnormal intolerance to light’, is commonly associated with a range of both ocular and neurological pathologies such as dry eye, blepharospasm, corneal pathologies, cataracts, uveitis, retinal dystrophies, optic neuritis, migraine, meningitis, and traumatic brain injury...

Beware the disc in myopic patients

Glaucoma is a chronic and progressive optic neuropathy characterised by damage of retinal ganglion cells. Evaluation of structural damage of the optic nerve is important in glaucoma diagnosis. The ISNT rule states that the neuroretinal rim width is generally widest...

What's trending Feb/Mar 2018

We are officially in 2018. New year, new you. The clock starts to turn to midnight and suddenly the excess and gluttony of the Christmas festive period comes to mind. “This year will be better”, we say to ourselves. The...

Embryology in clinical practice

The fascinating world of embryology is both beautiful and practical. It is a home video of our evolutionary history through the ages from the single cell through to the life aquatic, the development of gut, limbs and brain, and most...

Complex Biometry Clinics: a new service development

In this article we describe a new local service development, the ‘Complex Biometry Clinic’ at Leicester Royal Infirmary. Retrospective data analysis of patients referred between October 2012 and October 2013 was performed. The aim was to provide a one-stop service...

The work of BIPOSA

The British and Irish Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Association (BIPOSA) was set up in 2008 to merge two streams of ophthalmology, namely the practice of paediatric ophthalmology and the practice of strabismus (to include refracting in children, and strabismus in...

Evaluation of keratometry with a novel colour LED corneal topographer

The Cassini topographer (i-Optics), which analyses corneal shape based on the reconstruction of specular reflections on 679 coloured LEDs, generates keratometry and is the new machine being compared in this study with other keratometry devices. The prospective comparative study included...

A case of bilateral idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcification

Idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcification (ISC) is a rare, benign disorder of the choroid and sclera. We present a visually asymptomatic 83-year-old caucasian male with clinical findings bilaterally of ISC, and discuss the investigations required to confirm diagnosis and help prevent further...

Ocular electrophysiology

A 34-year-old woman, who is a CEO in a multinational firm, has been losing vision over the last 12 months. She has seen her opticians, who initially tried different glasses but could not improve things. Clinical examination is unremarkable. How...

DR-NET Workshop – information-sharing for strengthening DR programmes

Contributors: Rosie Brennan, Anshul Chauhan, Mona Duggal, John Ellis, Michael Gichangi, Edwin Grayson, Catherine Jamieson, Ankita Kankaria, Oliver Kemp, Hendra Kusuma, Nanda Matthew, Geeta Menon, Habibah Muhiddin, Tunde Peto, Recivall Salongcay, Frank Sandi, Hazel Shillingford-Ricketts, Bernadetha Shilio, Caroline Styles, Sharon...

Part 2: the Arclight Device: frugal imaging for eyecare

In this three-part series (Click here for Part 1) Andrew Blaikie and his team explore the role and application of the Arclight Device in Imaging of the Eye. There are many different types of ophthalmic imaging tools; from simply taking...