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Ophthalmology in ancient india, Sushruta’s time and the modern era
While reading an article related to the history of Indian ophthalmology, I came across this description of a surgical procedure: “The doctor warmed the patient’s eye with the breath of his mouth. He rubbed the closed eye of the patient...
A case of ipsilateral fourth nerve paresis and Horner’s syndrome
The author presents a single case report of an exceptional association between fourth nerve palsy and ipsilateral Horner’s Syndrome. The case is presented alongside magnetic resonance images (MRI) which reveal a mass in the right cavernous sinus. The 54-year-old woman...
Early diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy using combined MRI findings
The author presents a literature review searching the terms ‘pituitary ring sign’ and ‘sphenoid sinus mucosal thickening’ in the context of pituitary apoplexy from 1990 until the present day. These two findings are both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signs of...
Neuro-ophthalmological symptoms in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
The authors of this article have evaluated the neuro-ophthalmological symptoms of 49 patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. They have evaluated the onset of the disease as well as the symptoms reported. The authors present extensive clinical information for individual...
A case report of cavernous sinus syndrome following dental procedure
This case report describes a patient presenting with painful diplopia as a consequence of root canal dental treatment. Following root canal treatment a non-resolving tooth pain led to a decision to extract the tooth, leading to onset of severe periorbital...
PD-1 and PD-L1 in exenteration specimens
This is an immunohistochemical study looking at variation in the expression of the programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1) and the programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), comparing cutaneous malignancies which invaded the orbit with uncomplicated nodular basal cell carcinomas. The authors retrospectively...
Outcomes of treated adult-onset ET
This study describes a large cohort of 248 patients with adult onset esotropia (ET) due to a range of causes and details preoperative characteristics, operative procedures and surgical outcomes. Mean age at diagnosis was 52 years. Diagnoses included cranial nerve...
Implantation of diffractive trifocal intraocular lens
This study reports on 60 eyes of 120 patients who underwent routine cataract surgery followed by implantation of the trifocal IOL model Lisa tri-839MP. This is a diffractive trifocal preloaded IOL with no interruption at the haptic-optic junction, 360 degrees...
Differential inhibition of EAU by CTLA4 and IL-6
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) binds both CD80 and Cd86 and inhibits T lymphocyte activation via CD28. Il-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that has been associated with many autoimmune conditions including uveitis. Blockade of these molecules by either CTLA4-Ig, a...
