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Retinoblastoma management update (part 2): treatment, screening and surveillance, long-term follow-up and new developments

Retinoblastoma treatment requires significant multidisciplinary input, but early detection through raising awareness remains key to improving outcomes. In the second article of a two-part series, Manoj Parulekar discusses retinoblastoma management, screening and research. This article has been published in two...

Hidden spread of sebaceous cell carcinoma

This was a review of 29 patients who had undergone orbital exenteration for sebaceous cell carcinoma. Prompted by the increasing use of topical treatments for intraepithelial disease, the authors were keen to discover the frequency of spread of tumour cells...

Conjunctival mapping biopsies in sebaceous carcinoma

This is a retrospective review of conjunctival mapping biopsies in patients with periocular sebaceous cell carcinoma. The authors reviewed the biopsy technique and outcomes of 45 patients who had mapping biopsies performed over a 25-year period. A total of 429...

Histopathology-guided management of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) with corneal stromal or scleral invasion using ruthenium-106 plaque brachytherapy

This is a retrospective interventional consecutive case series of 42 eyes of 42 patients with OSSN with histopathologically proven corneal stromal and / or scleral invasion following excision biopsy. The mean tumour basal diameter was 9.3mm and thickness of 3.1mm...

Radiologic characteristics of cavernous venous malformations

This study is a retrospective review of cases with a preoperative radiologic diagnosis of cavernous venous malformations (CVMs) over 30 years. The aim of this study was to define imaging characteristics of CVMs, which will help differentiate these lesions from...

MicroRNA mediate retinoblastoma signal transduction

MicroRNAs (miR) are small non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules, normally 22 nucleotides long. There is a large family of miR that control protein expression by binding to mRNAs, leading to their degradation. One important role of miR is in tumours where...

An unusual case of sellar chondroma

A single case of chondrogenic neoplasm arising from the base of the skull is presented and discussed. These benign and slow growing tumours in the sellar region are extremely rare and as such this article provides a useful insight and...

Resveratrol protects against steroid induced intraocular pressure

Topical and systemic steroid delivery is a very effective treatment for many ocular conditions but is compromised by raised intraocular pressure which in turn leads to death of retinal ganglion cells and irreversible blindness. This is an important consideration with...

Quiz Feb/Mar 2020

History A 92-year-old female patient was referred for a three-month history of a left conjunctival growth with ocular irritation. Her past medical history included: hypertension, back pain and osteoarthritis, all of which were controlled by medication. On examination: vision in...

Pituitary tumours: why are they so often missed?

Part 1: Introduction, historical background and Edinburgh connections (see also Part 2 and Part 3) Is there any ophthalmologist who has not missed a pituitary tumour? Hopefully this article will help those currently in practice to avoid such an embarrassment,...

Papilloedema: an update

Some readers may have seen a recent report in the national newspapers of the case of a teenage girl with persistent severe headache associated with a fatal brain tumour having been undiagnosed despite many consultations with her medical advisers. It...

Management of diffuse OSSN with topical chemotherapy

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) can be localised to the conjunctiva or, less commonly, diffusely spread over the conjunctiva and cornea. Localised OSSN can be treated by surgical removal with adjuvant cryotherapy and chemotherapy with low rates of recurrence. Diffuse...