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Differential diagnosis of inflammatory optic neuritis

1 February 2014 | | Neuro-Ophthalmology | Multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, optic neuritis
The authors present the differential diagnosis of inflammatory optic neuritis (ON) to include multiple sclerosis, infectious optic neuritis, systemic disease and neuromyelitis optica (NMO). The features of ON for the varying aetiologies are detailed including incidence and overlap. In acute...

HtrA1 enhances cell senescence

1 December 2013 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
A genetic basis for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has been greatly advanced in recent years. The role of identified pathways such as complement factor H in AMD has been widely investigated. However, the effect of other gene variants identified by...

Case presentation: seizures as a presenting sign of idiopathic intracranial hypertension

3 June 2024 | | Neuro-Ophthalmology
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a syndrome of isolated elevated intracranial pressure of unknown cause. Neurological examination in IIH is typically normal except for papilloedema and possible cranial nerve six palsy, although rare, atypical symptoms and signs can occur. With...

OBITUARY: A short tribute to Mike Sanders, Neuro-ophthalmologist

3 October 2022 | | Neuro-Ophthalmology
Mike Sanders was Consultant Neuro-Ophthalmologist at St Thomas’ Hospital and the National Hospital, Queen Square in London, 1969 to 1999. He passed away on 25 July of this year. Over this 30-year period he had huge influence over the evolution...

Macular holes: A brief review

1 August 2017 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
The classification of macular holes has been modernised by OCT findings. This is a brief review and encompasses the historical literature on macular holes. A macular hole is an anatomical discontinuation of the neurosensory retina at the centre of the...

Patients blinded by stem cells! How safe are they really?

1 October 2018 | | Ophthalmology, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Simerdip Kaur takes a look at the latest ophthalmology-related news stories and asks which are based on facts and which are ‘fake news’. Headline: Patients blinded by stem cells! How safe are they really? Ever since the successful results following...

Demyelinating optic neuropathy

5 June 2023 | | Neuro-Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology
Introduction Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory process affecting the optic nerve. After glaucoma, it is the most common optic neuropathy affecting patients under the age of 50. The usual presentation of typical ON is unilateral subacute loss of vision...

Don’t ignore the black lesion! It might be mucormycosis

1 June 2017 | | Cornea / External Eye Disease
Keeping mucormycosis infection in the foreground of your differential diagnosis, especially in those more vulnerable patients, will help save their lives if recognised and managed appropriately. Mucormycosis is a fulminant infection caused by the fungi of the family Mucoraceae. It...

Diabetes and diabetic retinopathy: Changes in understanding of the disease over the last 25 years and how the UK is helping low-income countries tackle the challenges

1 June 2018 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, Ophthalmology
Diabetes – a historical perspective Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by inherited and / or acquired deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas, or by the ineffectiveness of the insulin produced. Such a deficiency results in...

Emerging developments in dry eye

1 August 2017 | | Cornea / External Eye Disease
An estimated 344 million people worldwide suffer from dry eye [1]. This chronic syndrome is characterised by a vicious cycle of tear film hyperosmolarity, tear instability and corneal stress, leading to increased friction, inflammation, ocular surface damage and decreased visual...

Isolated trochlear (fourth cranial) nerve palsy in an Asian population

1 August 2018 | | Neuro-Ophthalmology
The authors report on 35 consecutive new cases of isolated fourth cranial nerve palsy seen over a period of six months in one neuro-ophthalmology clinic in Southeast Asia, with emphasis on their aetiology and management. We report on 35 patients...

EU: is it time to leave and embrace the world?

1 June 2016 | | Cataract and Refractive, Cornea / External Eye Disease, Genetics, Glaucoma, Imaging, Neuro-Ophthalmology, Ocular Pathology and Oncology, Oculoplastics, Ophthalmology, Optometry, Orbit, Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, AMD, Emergency Ophthalmology
Should the United Kingdom remain a member of the European Union (EU) or leave? It’s a big decision involving some complex issues, and there’s no doubt the EU will continue to change. Ipsos MORI’s monthly EU voting intention poll published...