You searched for "RAPD"
Ocular manifestations of multiple sclerosis: an overview
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), in which there is dissemination of lesions in time (two or more clinical events) and space (multiple lesions seen on brain and spinal imaging). The pathophysiology...Herpes zoster ophthalmicus: a clinician’s perspective
25 January 2023
| Anitha Priya Arun Shankar, A. R. Reddy
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EYE - General
Introduction Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is caused by the reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV). The term herpes is derived from a Greek work, herpein, which means ‘creeping’ and the word zoster means a belt or a girdle...
Atrophy and anti-VEGF
1 August 2019
| Saruban Pasu
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Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
The aim of this study was to investigate treatment factors, along with ocular and systemic factors for their association with macular atrophy (MA) incidence in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with anti-VEGF aflibercept or ranibizumab according to...
Is it NAION… Now what?
3 April 2024
| Urvi Patel
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
Case presentation We present the case and discussion of a 46-year-old Caucasian male who complained of immediate reduced vision following complicated neck dissection including a total laryngopharyngectomy, free flap reconstruction for a T4N3 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the left...
Non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION): a review
1 February 2017
| James F (Barry) Cullen
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
Ischaemic optic neuropathy (ION) is the commonest adult optic neuropathy encountered today in our ageing population, is a common cause of irreversible visual loss and is usually associated with underlying vascular disease. The condition is classified as follows: (a) Anterior...
Ocular electrophysiology
A 34-year-old woman, who is a CEO in a multinational firm, has been losing vision over the last 12 months. She has seen her opticians, who initially tried different glasses but could not improve things. Clinical examination is unremarkable. How...Ophthalmology history and examination – a guide for medical students
15 February 2023
| Abiya Amna Ahmed, Shaan Rashid
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EYE - General
*First author Students have very little exposure to ophthalmology during their years at medical school. Teaching consists of a handful of lectures followed by a short placement in which students are expected to practise histories and examinations on patients with...
The power of the full blood count
Vishal Shah walks us through his thought process whilst highlighting the importance of routine investigations when dealing with unusual retinovascular presentations. Retinal changes can arise in anaemia, leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndrome. They are often the first manifestation of...
Mini DMEK for acute hydrops
This is a retrospective analysis of three patients who underwent mini DMEK for massive corneal hydrops in acute keratoconus. DMEK graft was trephined or trimmed according to the size and the shape of the gap in the patient’s Descemet membrane...The management of retinal vein occlusions: a summary
1 February 2015
| Amy-lee Shirodkar
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EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Cornea, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
Retinal vein occlusions (RVO) are the most common cause of visual loss from retinal vascular disease second to diabetic retinopathy. Vision is lost due to ischaemia, macular oedema and / or haemorrhage which ultimately effects a patient’s quality of life...
Retinal pigment epithelium tears
1 June 2016
| Sofia Rokerya
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Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
In this paper the authors review the current knowledge of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears. Although rare these can cause loss of visual acuity. They can occur spontaneously in pigment epithelial detachment (PED) due to occult choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), retinal...
