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Quiz Oct/Nov 2024
History An 83-year-old female was previously treated by surgical excision and plaque brachytherapy for her left conjunctival lesion. She presented to her ophthalmologist with a recurrence some years later and underwent a lid sparing orbital exenteration, which was sent to...Feb/Mar 2016 Quiz 2
1 February 2016
| Hardeep Singh Mudhar
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AMD, Emergency Ophthalmology, Genetics, Ophthalmology, Optometry, EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
History A 30-year-old male presents with a phthisical left eye and undergoes enucleation. He has some lesions in his right eye that are under ophthalmic surveillance. Figure 1 is a low power of the enucleation. Figures 2, 3 and 4...
Triamcinolone (TA) deposits following subcutaneous injection to treat chalazion
2 August 2022
| Muhammad Adil Seelarbokus, Edward Foo, Jennifer HY Tan
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Ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic
Chalazia are chronic lipogranulomatous inflammations of the eyelid secondary to a blocked meibomian gland. Whilst most resolve spontaneously, certain chalazia warrant treatment. Options include incision and curettage (I&C), lesion excision, intralesional steroid injections, and botox injections [1]. I&C is usually...
The history of ophthalmology: John Argyll Robertson and Douglas Moray Cooper Lamb Argyll Robertson
1 June 2019
| Steven Kerr
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Ophthalmology
The author shares the story of an extraordinary father and son, two of the major figures in defining the specialty of ophthalmology as we know it today. The renowned Glasgow Surgeon Peter Lowe described ophthalmic surgery in his legendary surgical...
The assessment of pupils and pupillary reactions
1 October 2015
| Li Yen Goh
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EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Understanding pupillary reactions is vital in understanding basic neuro-opthalmology. It is a skill required in eye casualty, clinics and perhaps most importantly, exams. To start at the beginning, the pupil is the central aperture of the iris, its size controlling...
Cavernous sinus syndrome
Anatomically the cavernous sinus is a plexus of multiple veins that are connected and within this plexus there are several important vascular and neurological structures. These include cranial nerves III, IV, V1 (and sometimes V2), VI as well as the...It’s not always GCA
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an immune mediated granulomatous inflammatory disease that affects muscular middle or large sized arteries. It is considered as a continuation of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) when the severity of the disease has increased. It is the...Dramatic myopic shift due to epithelial basement membrane dystrophy
3 October 2024
| Annes Ahmeidat, Blazej Staniszewski, James Welch
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EYE - Cornea
Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD), also known as map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy, is a common anterior corneal disorder affecting approximately 2% of the population [1]. It is characterised by the abnormal maintenance of the basement membrane, resulting in protrusions into the epithelium....
Upper eyelid ulceration as a presenting sign of frontal sinus mucocele
3 October 2022
| Mustafa Al-Hashimi, Ranad Maswadi, Bijan Beigi
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Ophthalmology
Introduction A sinus mucocele is an epithelium-lined sac filled with mucus and desquamated epithelium. It forms secondary to inflammatory processes that occur in a sinus with an obstructed ostium. Predisposing conditions include previous trauma, surgery, tumours, anatomical abnormalities, and chronic...
Robotic assisted orbital surgery (RAOS) – a novel approach to orbital malignancy surgery
3 June 2024
| Jean-Pierre Jeannon, Asit Arora, Claire Daniel, Jimmy Uddin, Jack Faulkner, Moshan Malik, Hubert Stein
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Ophthalmology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Oculoplastic
Robotic technology in ENT surgery has been used in certain areas of head and neck cancer care but, in this article, we hear of an exciting development from the team at Guy’s & St Thomas’. Advances in surgical robotic technology...
The last three patients: dermatology (Patient Three)
3 August 2023
| Jonathan Rees (Prof)
For the third and final reflection in this series (see Part 1 and Part 2), Professor Jonathan Rees recounts his experience of a patient with cancer who was failed by the NHS, and how their inadequate treatment illuminates some issues...