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Manual for Eye Examination and Diagnosis (Tenth Edition)

This is a single author published manual which aims to equip the novice reader with a short, yet comprehensive introduction to ocular examination and diagnosis. This book has a substantial history, having been first published 48 years ago, and is...

Practical Handbook of OCT (Retina, Choroid, Glaucoma)

With the rapid development and expansion in the usage of optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology there is always demand for a new OCT publication on the bookshelves. The operation and acquisition skills required are more easily acquired than for the...

Swept source anterior segment OCT

The authors describe a study using the Casia OCT which is a swept source OCT to determine the visibility of the angle structures using two imaging protocols; high density and low density. They randomly selected one eye from 30 normal...

Coming to terms with AI

A machine might be called intelligent if its response to questions could convince a person that it was human, a test proposed by Alan Turing in 1950 [1]. The author considers potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) using machine learning...

Density of cataract and its influence on retinal nerve fibre layer thickness

The aim of this study was to further define and model the influence of cataract on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) image quality and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness measurements. OCT quality is influenced by opacities in the...

Anatomical variations of the nasolacrimal system

The authors report a retrospective observational case series of 734 dacryocystography images; 689 from adult patients and 45 from paediatric patients. Of these 734 images, 35 (4.8%) were found to have an anatomical variant where the nasolacrimal duct emerged from...

Hyper reflective foci (HRF) on OCT in diabetic retinopathy

This study investigated the presence of hyper reflective foci (HRF) in asymptomatic patients affected by type 1 or type 2 diabetes, separately, without clinically significant diabetic macular oedema and visual impairment. In total 71 eyes with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy were...

Sex differences in the relationship between obesity and choroidal nevus in US adults

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES); a population-based survey conducted annually in the US by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was used to identify populations at higher risk for choroidal naevus. Over a period of four...

Use of oral fluorescein angiography in a paediatric population

The authors report a retrospective records review of all patients who received an oral ultrawide fluorescein angiography (FA) over a 42-month period at a single children’s hospital. Data were extracted from the records including indication for FA, adverse events, pauses...

Extraocular muscle OCT

The goal was to evaluate the use of the Heidelberg anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) to image extraocular rectus muscle insertions and to expand the use of the AS-OCT to also image vertical rectus muscles. The authors evaluated inter...

Artificial intelligence in eyecare: how do we ensure new technologies truly benefit our patients?

From monitoring patients with heart disease to improving the early diagnosis of cancer, artificial intelligence (AI) using deep learning techniques is already employed in many different healthcare specialties [1]. In the eyecare field, AI technologies have been used to analyse...

Assessment and management of dry eye disease

This paper is an update on the assessment and management of dry eye disease (DED). According to the second International Dry Eye Workshop 2017, “Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterised by a loss of homoeostasis...