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Lagophthalmos as a potential complication of COVID-19

Lagophthalmos is a condition associated with the inability to close the eyelids effectively, with the main cause being facial nerve palsy. The authors aimed to investigate whether lagophthalmos was associated with coronavirus infection (COVID-19) by comparing patients diagnosed with lagophthalmos...

Treatment of IIIcnp

The authors report the surgical treatment of a 15-year old with congenital III nerve palsy. The child had a deviation of 50PD exotropia and a -6 limitation of adduction, -3 limitation of elevation and -4 limitation of depression. Surgery consisted...

BT outcome for CP and ET

The authors evaluate the clinical outcome of botulinum toxin (BT) injection in the correction of esotropia in 44 patients with cerebral palsy (CP). BT was injected under general anaesthesia without EMG guidance. Of the children, 47.7% were male and mean...

Surgical management of IIIcnp

This was a retrospective review of a cohort of patients with complete third nerve palsy (IIIcnp) managed by a surgical technique of full tendon transposition (FTT) of the lateral rectus (LR) to the medial rectus (MR) augmented with posterior fixation...

IO belly transposition surgery

The authors evaluated inferior oblique (IO) muscle belly transposition to correct mild to moderate IO overaction with small primary position hypertropia. They reviewed 10 patients aged 6-35 years (mean 18.6 years). Aetiologies were mild unilateral superior oblique (SO) palsy for...

Nishida procedure for VIcnp

This study reports results in treatment of complete sixth nerve palsy (VIcnp) by modified Hummelscheim (Nishida’s) procedure; vertical muscle halves after splitting were secured with anchoring sutures to the sclera with anchoring of only the temporal muscle margins to the...

What are the characteristics of patients reporting diplopia in giant cell arteritis?

The authors present a retrospective study of individuals diagnosed with giant cell arteritis (GCA) consecutively over a six-year period at a single tertiary ophthalmic centre. The characteristics of binocular diplopia prior to GCA diagnosis was collected from medical records and...

Superior oblique muscle tuck

The authors investigate the efficacy and safety of isolated superior oblique tucking in patients with congenital superior oblique palsy. The study includes 21 cases: eight females and 13 males aged 2-34 years. All had obvious superior oblique under action and...

A case of ipsilateral fourth nerve paresis and Horner’s syndrome

The author presents a single case report of an exceptional association between fourth nerve palsy and ipsilateral Horner’s Syndrome. The case is presented alongside magnetic resonance images (MRI) which reveal a mass in the right cavernous sinus. The 54-year-old woman...

Using small amplitude saccades to assess saccadic velocity

Saccades are a key component in the assessment and diagnosis of neuro-ophthalmological disorders. Clinicians are typically taught to use large amplitude saccades (LAS) of at least 20 degrees to assess saccadic velocity. It has been suggested, however, that small amplitude...