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“Steel True, Blade Straight”

Steven Kerr of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh explores the medical career of Arthur Conan Doyle, his relationship with his mentor Joseph Bell and his fascination with ophthalmology. Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh on the...

Pete’s day off

“You’re not dying. You just can’t think of anything good to do” The above is the explanation given by high school student Ferris to his friend Cameron, who is lying in bed feeling sorry for himself when he should be...

Strabismus and ocular motility, demystified

I am a former orthoptist, now trained in medicine and working as a foundation doctor. In my previous work, I was frequently approached by ophthalmology trainees eager for guidance with strabismus and ocular motility. Drawing on my clinical experience, I...

VISION 2020 LINKS Programme: the Madagascar-Leeds LINK

Madagascar is a fascinating and culturally rich island which has an ‘exotic’ status in most people’s eyes. Yet it is among the poorest countries in the world. According to the World Bank, 92% of the population live on less than...

Near-infrared autofluorescence to diagnose retinal laser injuries

This retrospective observational case series aimed to assess whether near infrared autofluorescence (NIR-AR) imaging is a useful imaging modality in the diagnosis of hand-held laser retinal injuries. Twelve patients from two centres underwent ophthalmic assessment and retinal imaging including fundus...

Microdroplet and splatter contamination during phacoemulsification in COVID-19 era

Half a millilitre of fluorescein was incorporated into 400ml of balanced salt solution to identify microdroplet and splatter from phacoemulsification to simulate possible COVID-19 contamination. Five porcine eyes were mounted to an ophthalmic mannequin head and two surgeons (height 189cm,...

Medial rectus anatomy in exotropia

This study investigates the differences between extraocular muscles in patients with intermittent exotropia and normal controls regarding muscle fibre arrangement and diameter, and distribution and activation of satellite cells. Fifteen patients were recruited having medial rectus resection surgery. Resection sections...

Care pathway to imaging delays for acute oculomotor nerve palsies

A retrospective chart review is presented with the aim of evaluating arterial imaging in cases of third nerve palsy. The study reviewed patients seen with a suspicion of or a final diagnosis of third nerve palsy over a seven-year eight-month...

Late stromal rejection in DALK

This case series reported on late stromal rejections in eyes after uncomplicated deep anterior lamellar keratoplasties (DALKs). Four eyes of three patients experienced episodes of isolated stromal rejection 33 to 46 months after surgically uncomplicated DALKs and a minimum of...

The inflammatory side-effect of Brimonidine

Brimonidine is a well established selective alpha-2 adreno-receptor agonist, used to lower intraocular pressure. This case series reports on 19 eyes affected by brimonidine induced uveitis. Mean age of the patients was 74 years and mean duration of brimonidine use...

Micropulse vs. continuous wave trans scleral diode cyclophotocoagulation in refractory glaucoma

Continuous wave cyclophotocoagulation (CWCPC) delivers continuous high intensity energy to the ciliary body in an attempt to reduce aqueous secretion and hence lower IOP. It is often used as a treatment of last resort due to the potential side-effects of...

Is intracranial pressure affected by the valsalva manoeuvres and exercise?

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterised by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), which leads to optic nerve head swelling and a risk of visual loss. The impact of straining and exercise on ICP regulation is poorly understood yet clinically relevant to...