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A review of chromosome 9p21 POAG susceptibility locus

1 August 2014 | | Glaucoma | 9p21, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CDKN2B-AS1
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a genetically complex disease and the overall phenotype is influenced by multiple traits including intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness and structural features of the optic nerve head. Therefore, genes affecting any of these...

New mouse model of diabetes mellitus

1 April 2014 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous | aldose reductase, cell signaling P-ERK1/2, P-SAPK/JNK, P-Akt, diabetic rats, diabetic retinopathy, green fluorescent proteins, growth factors VEGF, bFGF, TGF-β, retinal vascular changes, transgenic diabetic mouse models
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes. It is driven by the loss of pericytes, cells which control vascular function, due to excess formation of sugar alcohols by the enzyme aldose reductase (AR). AR has been shown to...

Prostaglandin levels in femto cataract surgery

1 April 2014 | | Cataract and Refractive
Following previous reports of pupil size decrease after femtosecond treatment, the authors compare levels of prostaglandins in patients undergoing femtosecond assisted cataract surgery with those having routine cataract surgery. Patients with inflammatory eye disease, previous trauma surgery, age-related macular degeneration...

Association between serum triglycerides and pan retinal photocoagulation in type 1 diabetes

1 December 2013 | | Glaucoma
This retrospective cohort study aimed to examine whether dyslipidaemia is a risk factor for progressing to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and consequently requiring pan retinal photocoagulation (PRP) treatment in type 1 diabetics. In previous studies including the ETDRS study an...

Advances in the understanding, diagnostic and treatment of keratoconus

1 December 2022 | | Ophthalmology
*Joint first authors Keratoconus is a bilateral and asymmetric eye condition in which the cornea’s structure is affected and thinned, causing a cone-shaped bulge to develop. This results in progressive loss of vision and impairs the ability of the eye...

100 years of insulin

3 October 2022 | | Ophthalmology
*Joint first authors The centenary of the discovery of insulin is a time to celebrate one of the most significant scientific discoveries of the 20th century. Background Before 1923, Type 1 diabetes mellitus [T1DM] resulted in death from severe ketoacidosis...

The Scottish Government Scholarship in Ophthalmology: just a few weeks left to apply!

7 July 2021
A number of scholarships are available for eye healthcare professionals working in Scotland who have been accepted for admission to the online MSc in Primary Care Ophthalmology programme in academic year 2021-2022, thanks to funding from the Scottish Government.

Valuable resources for FRCOphth Part 1 exam preparation

24 November 2021 | | Ophthalmology, ONLINE EXCLUSIVE ARTICLES
The FRCOphth Part 1 exam is a difficult exam with an average pass rate of 46% in the last year. It is a requirement before entry into the third year of ophthalmology specialty training (OST). Passing this exam during foundation...

Preparing for modern ophthalmic surgical training as a trainee

9 December 2022 | Ophthalmology, ONLINE EXCLUSIVE ARTICLES
As a trainee in ophthalmology, every day you are learning more and more about the specialty. In addition, you will most likely be exploring the vast array of subspecialties that ophthalmology has to offer, and would probably be trying to...

Renewed momentum in ocular gene and cell therapy, broadening application to chronic disease

5 February 2020 | | Ophthalmology, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Gene and cell therapies offer the prospect of ground-breaking new avenues for the treatment of diseases, reflected in a renewed explosion of interest and investment in retinal gene therapy. Rod McNeil reports recent clinical trial readouts across a diverse range...

Resurfacing the ocular surface

1 April 2016 | | Cornea / External Eye Disease
The ocular surface (OS) is an anatomical and functional unit made of the tear film, the conjunctival, limbal and corneal epithelium, the lacrimal, mucous and meibomian glands and the lids and blink reflex. The tear film is composed of a...

Retinoblastoma management update (part 1): clinical features, diagnosis and genetics

1 January 2017 | | Ocular Pathology and Oncology
The first of a two part series, this article will discuss the clinical features, diagnosis and genetic aspects of retinoblastoma. Manoj Parulekar is based at Birmingham Children’s Hospital, one of the two designated national retinoblastoma and paediatric ocular oncology treatment...