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Diagnosis and management of IV cranial nerve palsy

1 October 2017 | Neuro-Ophthalmology
Aetiology: Trochlear nerve palsy can be divided into acute or congenital. Congenital trochlear nerve palsy is usually noted in childhood with development of abnormal head posture. Various pathologies can lead to acute IV nerve palsy, most commonly trauma. Other causes...

Diabetes and diabetic retinopathy: Changes in understanding of the disease over the last 25 years and how the UK is helping low-income countries tackle the challenges

1 June 2018 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, Ophthalmology
Diabetes – a historical perspective Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by inherited and / or acquired deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas, or by the ineffectiveness of the insulin produced. Such a deficiency results in...

Children with ‘lazy eye’ are at increased risk of serious disease in adulthood

11 March 2024 | education, research, oculomics, amblyopia, biomarkers, Siegfried Wagner, UCL
Adults who had amblyopia (‘lazy eye’) in childhood are more likely to experience hypertension, obesity, and metabolic syndrome in adulthood, as well as an increased risk of heart attack, finds a new study led by UCL researchers.

Sustainable prevention of blindness from diabetic retinopathy through prevention and control of diabetes mellitus – LINK partnership experience in Dominica

1 October 2018 | | Ophthalmology, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
The Caribbean Diabetic Retinopathy Project (DR Caribbean) is a five-year project that aims to reduce blindness due to diabetic retinopathy (DR) across four Commonwealth countries: Belize, Dominica, Jamaica and St Lucia. The VISION 2020 LINKS Programme at the London School...

What not to miss in neuro-ophthalmology Part 1

1 April 2018 | Neuro-Ophthalmology
Neuro-ophthalmology is a complex and difficult subspecialty in ophthalmology. It has several connections to neurology, neuro-surgery, rheumatology as well as many other medical specialties. Working in an multidisciplinary team (MDT) environment is key to success in this subspecialty as mistakes...

Photophobia: an unusual symptom of a pituitary macroadenoma

2 February 2024 | | Ophthalmology, Emergency Ophthalmology
Introduction Photophobia, defined as ‘an abnormal intolerance to light’, is commonly associated with a range of both ocular and neurological pathologies such as dry eye, blepharospasm, corneal pathologies, cataracts, uveitis, retinal dystrophies, optic neuritis, migraine, meningitis, and traumatic brain injury...

Diabetes macular oedema in pregnancy self-resolving postpartum

1 October 2021 | | Ophthalmology, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, Imaging
*Equally contributing co-first authors. Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is a common clinical presentation to ophthalmology clinics. Ample evidence exists for management of DMO in non-pregnant patients. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the optimal management of DMO in...

The power of the full blood count

1 October 2021 | | Ophthalmology, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Vishal Shah walks us through his thought process whilst highlighting the importance of routine investigations when dealing with unusual retinovascular presentations. Retinal changes can arise in anaemia, leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndrome. They are often the first manifestation of...

Launch of the Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Service in UHWI Jamaica

1 June 2016 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
At 2.55pm on Wednesday 16 March 2016 the first patient was screened and given her results in the new nurse-led Diabetic Retinopathy Screening (DRS) Clinic at the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI), Kingston, Jamaica. This was the result...

The paediatric cataract: an overview of the embryology and pathophysiology

5 February 2020 | | Ophthalmology, Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus, Cataract and Refractive
In the first of the two articles (see Part 2 here) on paediatric cataracts, Samuel Aryee reviews the aetiology of this condition. Cataracts arise from opacification of the natural transparent lens, which can cause partial or total blindness. Although the...

Thermal injury and false eyelashes

1 April 2020 | | Ophthalmology, Optometry, Emergency Ophthalmology
The authors provide a case of cyanoacrylate glue causing a thermal burn on the eyelid and explain how this type of burn should be managed. The use of false lashes as well as the techniques used to apply them come...

Considerations in the management of retinal disorders

1 October 2017 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Vision research presentations and publications explore practice considerations in the management of AMD and diabetic retinopathy. Over the past two decades in Europe there has been a decreasing prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and an improvement in visual acuity...