You searched for "embryology"
Diagnosis of ocular tuberculosis
This review article provides an update on the methods diagnosing ocular tuberculosis (TB), the difficulties in making the diagnosis and makes recommendations to a more accurate diagnosis by combining the available diagnostic tests. Today ocular TB remains a presumptive clinical...
Bandage contact lens cultures after corneal collagen cross-linking
Corneal collagen cross-linking (CCL) is a treatment modality that has been shown to stop the progression of keratoconus. There have also been reports that CCL acts as an antimicrobiologic agent in treating resistant microbial keratitis. This study aimed to investigate...
Ocular manifestations of Whipple’s disease
In this retrospective review of 217 patients with Whipple’s disease (WD), the authors reviewed the presentations of those with ocular manifestations. Ocular signs of WD are under recognised, frequently resulting in misdiagnosis and mismanagement. Mayo Data Explorer, a Mayo Clinic...
Improved quality of life in children with allergic conjunctivitis and their parents with anti-allergic therapy
This prospective intervention study investigated the change in quality of life in child-parent pairs with allergic conjunctivitis (AC) on anti-allergic therapy. From September 2020 to May 2021, AC child-parent pairs and healthy child-parent pairs were recruited in Guangzhou, China. Children...
IVTA use in Behçet’s disease
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection (4mg/0.1ml) in controlling posterior segment inflammation in patients with Behçet’s disease. Medical records of consecutive patients diagnosed with Behçet’s who underwent IVTA between July 2005...
Coeliac disease and anterior scleritis
The authors present an interesting case report of recurrent anterior scleritis. Circulating IgA and IgG auto-antibodies directed against tissue transglutaminase, endomisium and gliadin are frequently elevated in patients with coeliac disease. The classic symptoms remain chronic diarrhoea, malabsorption syndromes and...
Culture positivity of needles for IVT injections
Given the worldwide use of intravitreal (IVT) injections, the authors of this paper set out to evaluate the rate of culture positivity of the needles used in routine IVT injections and compare this positivity between 27-gauge and 30-gauge needle tips....A Multidisciplinary Approach to Neovascular Glaucoma in a Patient with Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia
An 84-year-old Caucasian male attended eye casualty with a four month history of reduced vision, a dull ache and photophobia in both eyes. He had also reported dizziness, weakness and intermittent epistaxis in the nine months prior to presentation. There...The power of the full blood count
Vishal Shah walks us through his thought process whilst highlighting the importance of routine investigations when dealing with unusual retinovascular presentations. Retinal changes can arise in anaemia, leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndrome. They are often the first manifestation of...A window to 2024 and beyond?
The connection between the eye and systemic diseases has been acknowledged for millenia. Historical records suggest that ancient civilisations had some understanding of the eye’s significance beyond its primary function in vision. For instance, in ancient Egypt, the ‘Eye of...
OCT Angiography in Retinal and Macular Diseases
OCT angiography (OCT-A) is based on the concept that in a static eye, the only moving structure in the fundus of the eye is blood flowing through the vessels. This book explains how the technique allows a depth-resolved analysis and...
