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Fusional vergence measurement

This paper reports a systematic review to address two objectives: 1, to compare the normative values of tests measuring fusional vergence; 2, to investigate sources of heterogeneity of prism accuracy. The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines with a...

Age versus heterophoria and fusional vergence measures

This study aimed to establish the relationship between age, horizontal heterophoria, horizontal vergences, positive / negative fusional vergence and vergence facilities. The study recruited 112 subjects aged 39.8 ±14.97 years (range 18-65) of which 54.5% were female. There were 49...

Iranian prevalence of strabismus

There is little prior evidence on prevalence of strabismus in Iran. Thus, this study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of strabismus types in Azad University students aged 18-25 years in South West Iran. A total of 752 of 826...

BT for retinal detachment strabismus (2020)

The authors report updated experience on factors influencing botulinum toxin (BT) outcomes for strabismus following retinal detachment surgery. This was a retrospective review of 32 patients with follow-up of 20 months (1-132). Mean age at BT injection was 44 years...

Detailed overview of diplopia causes and outcomes for a single tertiary care centre

The purpose of this study was to study the aetiology, progression and outcome in patients with binocular diplopia presenting to the ophthalmology department of a tertiary care centre in India. The study had a prospective observational design where all patients...

Testing fusional amplitude

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of varied testing distance and order of testing on fusion amplitudes in subjects with normal eye examinations, along with impact of examination encouragement and subject level of alertness. Average age...

15 prism test for anisometropic amblyopia

The authors aimed to investigate the accuracy of the 15^ base in prism test (BIPT) in detecting amblyopia in anisometropic patients. This was a retrospective study in which the 15^BI was placed before the right eye followed by the left...

Iranian prevalence of strabismus and heterophoria

Previous studies in parts of Iran report a childhood prevalence of strabismus of 1.2 to 2.3%. The authors aimed to evaluate the prevalence of strabismus in underserved rural areas of Iran in all age groups. In 2015 they conducted a...

Iranian prevalence of convergence / accommodative disorders

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of accommodative and convergence disorders in an optometric clinical population and ascertain tests with the highest sensitivity and specificity in detecting these anomalies. The authors gathered information on symptoms, near...

AC/A correlates

Three groups of subjects were included in this study. Group 1 had typically developing children from five to nine years with heterophoria less than 6PD. Group 2 had 19 children aged five to nine years with intermittent distance exotropia. Group...

AC/A non-linearity

This study investigated whether or not the response accommodative convergence to accommodation (AC/A) ratio in 30 visually normal subjects is linear with lens presentation order counterbalanced. Accommodative response was measured using the Shin Nippon SRW 500 infrared autorefractor. Accommodation was...

Dead bag syndrome: a new and rare cause of late IOL dislocation

The dead bag syndrome has recently been described as a cause of late spontaneous intraocular lens (IOL) subluxation and / or dislocation. The capsular bag remains clear years after surgery and then becomes diaphanous and floppy. The authors explanted seven...