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Embryology in clinical practice

The fascinating world of embryology is both beautiful and practical. It is a home video of our evolutionary history through the ages from the single cell through to the life aquatic, the development of gut, limbs and brain, and most...

A novel computerised portable pupillometer detects and quantifies relative afferent pupillary defect

We have all had referrals from A&E telling us that a patient can’t see out of one eye. Sleepily we may ask “Is there an relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD)?” to evaluate the seriousness of the presentation. The response is...

Views invited on the future Special Schools Eye Care Service

NHS England are consulting on the current model of the Special Schools Eye Care service that is live in 83 schools across England.

FMLM Conference 2024

by Somain Verma, Ophthalmology Registrar (ST2), Northampton General Hospital. Clinical leadership is more important than ever. With an ever-increasingly burdened health system, we must assure that appropriate resources and systems are in place to maintain an effective and efficient health...

ChatGPT cannot pass FRCOphth examinations: implications for ophthalmology and large language model artificial intelligence

Large language models are generating a lot of hype for artificial intelligence, but can they assist patients and practitioners in ophthalmology? Introduction Deep learning (DL) has emerged in ophthalmology as an exciting form of artificial intelligence (AI) most commonly applied...

Ophthalmology elective: a local experience

Dr Rajan Sondh talks about medical electives and how he believes they are an opportunity to explore career interests, giving undergraduates an opportunity to develop skills in areas that they wouldn’t normally encounter on placements. Typically, electives are taken abroad,...

BT outcomes for accommodative esotropia

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of Botulinum Toxin (BT) in refractive and non-refractive accommodative esotropia unresponsive to glasses and poor compliance with glasses. This was a retrospective study of 114 patients who had BT for...

Aug/Sep 2016 Quiz

History A 45-year-old female patient presented with left upper eyelid swelling present for six months. There was mild pain and a sense of fullness over the left eye. Examination revealed a palpable firm mass over the lacrimal gland area without...

Keratoconus: Diagnosis and Management

From the history of keratoconus to its diagnosis and management, this book covers everything. Don’t be fooled by thinking keratoconus is a simple disease like I did; this book is dense, and packed with information. The book is divided into...

How to pass the FRCOphth part 2 written

The part 2 written exam comprises of 180 multiple choice questions – spread over two 120-minute sessions. According to the most recent college exam reports, the pass rate ranged from 45 to 70% in 2019/2020. Most trainees seem to sit...

Contact lenses for adults with infantile nystagmus

A pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to determine recruitment rates, acceptability of and adherence to treatment and adverse events along with change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and nystagmus parameters from baseline to two weeks follow-up. The...

The impact of obstructive sleep apnoea monitoring functionality on smartwatches: a new frontier for ophthalmologists

Dawn of a new era in wearable technology? Smartwatches have really stepped up their game and have evolved from telling time to keeping an eye on our health. In February 2024, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) gave...