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A patient report of pseudoxanthoma elasticum, angioid streaks and choroidal neovascularisation

Angioid streaks (AS) on their own do not cause many problems, with the majority of patients remaining asymptomatic [1]. However, once choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) occurs, the visual prognosis of the patient rapidly declines [2]. Treatment is imperative to try and...

Trabeculectomy with erroneous Mitomycin-C concentration – a near miss

Trabeculectomy is the most commonly performed surgical procedure for glaucoma in the United Kingdom and worldwide. Modifications to the technique have been made since its introduction in 1963, perhaps the most significant being the adjunctive use of mitomycin-C (MMC), which...

Recurrent corneal erosions secondary to isotretinoin use

Isotretinoin (13–cis-retinoic acid) is the first line treatment for moderate to severe nodulocystic or papulopustular acne [1,2]. Although it is a safe medication, it has several adverse side-effects, including ophthalmic manifestations, as shown in Table 1 [3]. These side-effects need...

Diabetes macular oedema in pregnancy self-resolving postpartum

*Equally contributing co-first authors. Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is a common clinical presentation to ophthalmology clinics. Ample evidence exists for management of DMO in non-pregnant patients. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the optimal management of DMO in...

Unilateral central scotoma following dengue fever

Case report A 16-year-old Caucasian male was referred to the eye casualty at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust by the infectious diseases unit in September 2013. He gave a history of photophobia, pain on eye movements and central blurred vision...

Traumatic injuries from foam Nerf bullets

Background Three patients are presented in this case report: an adult and two children which were subjected to ocular injuries from Nerf gun bullets. Generally, Nerf guns are considered safer than airsoft guns. While there are many papers on airsoft...

A paediatric case of central retinal artery occlusion following antibiotics and decompression surgery for orbital cellulitis

Orbital cellulitis is an ophthalmic emergency that warrants urgent management in the hospital setting [1]. This occurs more frequently in the paediatric population where it is often secondary to sinus infections. Delay in treatment could result in severe complications including...

Upper eyelid ulceration as a presenting sign of frontal sinus mucocele

Introduction A sinus mucocele is an epithelium-lined sac filled with mucus and desquamated epithelium. It forms secondary to inflammatory processes that occur in a sinus with an obstructed ostium. Predisposing conditions include previous trauma, surgery, tumours, anatomical abnormalities, and chronic...

Neurofibromatosis with multiple bilateral choroidal nevi and literature review

The aim is to present a case of neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF-1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, who presented with bilateral multiple choroidal nodular nevi following chemotherapy and mastectomy for breast cancer. Neurofibromatosis type-1 presents as a wide range of...

Progressive myelination of the retinal nerve fibre layer: Acquired or incidental?

*Co-first authors.Myelinated retinal nerve fibres are retinal nerve fibres encased by a myelin sheath, located anterior to the lamina cribrosa [1]. First described by Virchow in 1856, a myelinated retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) appears as a whitish, feathery patch...