You searched for "intravenous"
Recognising clinical characteristics of blepharospasm
Focal dystonia is regarded as a characteristic feature of blepharospasm, but patients do not always present with these motor symptoms. The authors present a retrospective analysis of data from a large number of patients treated for drug-induced or essential blepharospasm...
Partial recession surgery for small angle vertical strabismus
The objective of this study was to assess the results of partial recessions of the vertical rectus muscles in patients with diplopia and small angle vertical strabismus. This was a retrospective study of partial temporal or nasal recession from one...
Potential mechanism of over / under actions of inferior oblique muscles
In this paper, the authors hypothesise that fusional vergence adaptation, in patients who can fuse in at least some gaze positions, can cause curvature of the non-fixing eye movement paths of patients with apparent overaction or under action of the...
Hughes flap for lower lid retraction
This is a retrospective case series looking at the use of Hughes flap for cicatricial lower lid retraction. Fourteen patients were identified across five different hospitals with varying aetiologies ranging from previous lid lesion excision and reconstruction to trauma. The...
A review of neuro and retinal imaging findings in Alzheimer’s disease
The authors present a systematic review with the aim of assessing the relationship between retinal and cerebral changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment and pre-clinical AD. A total of 23 articles met the inclusion criteria of the review,...
Diagnosis and management of paediatric keratoconus
This article reviews the current literature on paediatric keratoconus diagnosis and management. Paediatric cases pose challenges as they may not vocalise unilateral changes, difficulty in obtaining reliable imaging, faster rates of progression, difficultly with contact lenses and presumed worse outcomes...Breakthroughs in the genetics of angle-closure glaucoma
Angle closure glaucoma (ACG) is not widely known to be a familial condition, yet the recent explosion of genetic data and large scale genome wide investigations have confirmed at least 13 genetic loci associated with ACG [1], and provided some...
Practical Handbook for Small-Gauge Vitrectomy
The authors have set out to produce a readable, comprehensive handbook designed to instil a working knowledge in the speciality. The authors have indeed achieved their objective and created a dynamic, well-structured, stimulating book. As vitreo-retinal surgery is a rapidly...Corneal dystrophies simplified
Based on biomicroscopic and histopathologic features, corneal dystrophies can be broadly classified into epithelial, Bowman’s layer / anterior stromal, stromal, and endothelial dystrophies. Corneal dystrophies are a group of inherited, bilateral, gradually progressing, non- inflammatory conditions caused by accumulation of...Treatment of diabetic macular oedema
Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is a common complication associated with diabetic retinopathy, and the most common cause of visual impairment in diabetes [1]. With predicted rising levels of diabetes (in England by 2025 the estimated population with diabetes will be...New OCULUS distributor for UK and Ireland
OCULUS Optikgeräte GmbH and Mainline Instruments Announce UK and Ireland Distribution Agreement
