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VEGF and axial length (RVU)

The authors of this paper set out to examine whether the concentrations of VEGF in the vitreous were associated with refractive error and axial length in eyes without retinal disease, except of macular holes or epiretinal membranes. A vitreous sample...

Binocular training for amblyopia

The clinical effectiveness of binocular investigation for amblyopia was measured. The authors had previously unsuccessfully treated patients using occlusion and / or surgery. Patients were followed for an average of six months after cessation of treatment. The study included 22...

AC/A correlates

Three groups of subjects were included in this study. Group 1 had typically developing children from five to nine years with heterophoria less than 6PD. Group 2 had 19 children aged five to nine years with intermittent distance exotropia. Group...

Gender variations in retinopathy

The Tromso Eye Study is a substudy of the Tromso Study; a population based longitudinal study based in Norway. The extensive 5869 participants had no diabetes and were aged between 30-87 years. Retinal images from both eyes were taken using...

Intermittent exotropia

Four cases of intermittent exotropia are discussed. Case 1 was a nine-month-old with cycloplegic refraction of +1.0DS and a 30PD intermittent exotropia at near and distance. Discussions considered observation, part-time occlusion, refractive correction and later possibility of surgery. Case 2...

Saccadic differences under cover test

Patients with intermittent exotropia and exophoria plus ortho subjects underwent measurement of saccadic reaction times (SRTs) to compare those occurring in one eye and those occurring with alternating cover tests (ACTs). Twenty-five subjects were studied. Results for the intermittent exotropia...

BT for retinal detachment strabismus

The authors report the use of botulinum toxin (BT) as a treatment option in 140 patients with strabismus relating to retinal detachment surgery. The BT dose was 2.5 units of Dysport. Mean follow-up was 27 months (3-203) with a mean...

Testing near or distance visual acuity for change during amblyopia therapy

In this study, the authors aimed to determine if any differences occurred between near and distance visual acuity (VA) in a cohort of childhood untreated amblyopia. They recruited 54 patients with mean age 4.9 years, SD 0.44. Mean VA in...

Understanding Strabismus

This book is well written and offers a concise yet in-depth understanding of the subject of strabismus. Although the target audience of the book are the ophthalmologists in training, all grades of ophthalmologists who are looking for a systematic and...

Does methanol poisoning require ophthalmic investigation?

The authors report a case series of 21 patients (41 eyes) diagnosed with acute methanol poisoning following an outbreak in Tunisia in 2020. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination including visual fields, colour vision test and optical coherence tomography...

A case presentation of morning glory disc anomaly and peripapillary staphyloma

The purpose of this paper is to present a case of an 18-month-old girl initially presenting with strabismus. Fixation of the affected eye was intermittent with a relative afferent pupillary defect. A fundus photography of the affected left eye showed...

Can the angle of origin of the ophthalmic artery predict embolic trajectory?

A retrospective, comparative case-control study was used to test the hypothesis that a risk factor for retinal versus cerebral infarct is the angular origin of the ophthalmic artery from the internal carotid artery. The study compared one group (n=28) who...