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Cataract incidence rates in patients from the UK suffering with diabetes mellitus

1 October 2018 | | Cataract and Refractive, Ophthalmology
The authors summarise the main findings from a recent study which investigated the incidence rates of cataract in patients with or without diabetes mellitus (DM). Background to the study Worldwide, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 253 million people...

Traumatic optic neuropathy

1 October 2021 | | Ophthalmology, Orbit, Emergency Ophthalmology, Neuro-Ophthalmology
In neuro-ophthalmology we get asked a lot about management of patients who suffered significant trauma and presented with loss of vision secondary to presumed traumatic optic neuropathy (TON). TON happens usually in the context of significant craniofacial trauma. The incidence...

Bovine pericardium scleral patch graft associated scleritis: Ahmed valve implant for pupillary block glaucoma

1 April 2016 | | Ophthalmology, Glaucoma
Processed bovine pericardium is a lyophilised collagen sheet used as a surgical armamentarium. It renders the material antigenically inert with minimal inflammation [1]. Sclera patch pericardium graft (Tutopatch) is a collagenous membrane derived from solvent preserved, irradiated bovine pericardium [2]...

Ophthalmology assessment using Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy

1 December 2020 | | Optometry, Ophthalmology, ONLINE EXCLUSIVE ARTICLES
Bloom’s Taxonomy is a hierarchical list of attributes and skills that facilitates teachers to effectively teach, whilst concurrently enabling learners to effectively learn. It was first developed in 1956 by Benjamin Bloom, an educational psychologist along with a team of...

Vitreomacular traction: natural course vs. vitrectomy vs. ocriplasmin

3 June 2024 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Over time, the vitreous gel completely separates from the retina in a process known as a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). In some instances, however, the vitreous does not detach entirely and remains adherent to the macula. The term vitreomacular traction...

Myasthenia gravis presenting with isolated ptosis: a poorly studied subgroup

1 February 2015 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Investigation into the cause of one isolated symptom or sign can be challenging if that particular sign may be caused by a variety of pathological processes, affecting different tissues, and presenting to different specialties. Unilateral ptosis is a case in...

Diabetes and diabetic retinopathy: Changes in understanding of the disease over the last 25 years and how the UK is helping low-income countries tackle the challenges

1 June 2018 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, Ophthalmology
Diabetes – a historical perspective Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by inherited and / or acquired deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas, or by the ineffectiveness of the insulin produced. Such a deficiency results in...

Hot debates in medical retina and imaging: Perspectives from the Controversies in Ophthalmology 2020 virtual conference

5 August 2020 | | Ophthalmology, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, Imaging
Controversies in medical retina and imaging were debated during the Controversies in Ophthalmology 2020 virtual conference held during two mid-day scientific sessions on 27 and 28 March 2020. The author recounts key perspectives and presents viewpoint recommendations from the Vision...

“Steel True, Blade Straight”

1 October 2019 | | Ophthalmology
Steven Kerr of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh explores the medical career of Arthur Conan Doyle, his relationship with his mentor Joseph Bell and his fascination with ophthalmology. Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh on the...

Coming to terms with AI

1 August 2019 | | Ophthalmology, Imaging, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, Glaucoma
A machine might be called intelligent if its response to questions could convince a person that it was human, a test proposed by Alan Turing in 1950 [1]. The author considers potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) using machine learning...

Code-Free Deep Learning: a step into the future of ophthalmology

3 October 2022 | | Ophthalmology
A new focus has arisen within the research domain of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare called code-free deep learning (CFDL), and recent research demonstrates that ophthalmology is becoming one of the leading specialties in this field. Artificial intelligence (AI) is...

Sexually transmitted conjunctivitis – the REALLY sticky eye

5 October 2020 | | Ophthalmology, Cornea / External Eye Disease
Let’s face it, patients with conjunctivitis don’t always produce the most stimulating consultations and most of the time we can manage them in auto-pilot. The prospect of delving into such a patient’s sexual history is not overly appealing, but this...