You searched for "Refraction"
Review of chalazion treatment
Even though chalazion is a common eyelid lesion, there is lack of consensus on a treatment algorithm. Conservative management includes lid hygiene and warm compresses and, in some cases, steroid ointments for two to three weeks. More invasive options for...
Surgical treatment for monocular elevation deficit
Type 1 monocular elevation deficiency is a restrictive form identified by positive results on forced duction testing in elevation, normal elevation forced generation test, elevation of saccadic velocity and absence of poor Bell’s phenomenon. The authors aimed to evaluate the...
Video Atlas of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
The second edition Video Atlas of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery by Korn and Kikkawa provides an overview of traditional and contemporary reconstructive and cosmetic eyelid, lacrimal and orbital surgical procedures. The book includes of 1600 intraoperative illustrations, in addition...The Leicester Grading System for Foveal Hypoplasia
The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit have published the first medical grading system named after the city of Leicester. Infantile nystagmus is characterised by constant and involuntary eye movements and affects 24 per 10,000 people [1]. Onset is usually...Update on emerging therapies for age-related macular degeneration
The 23rd European Society of Retina Specialists (EURETINA) Congress, held in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, provided a timely update on anti-complement therapy for geographic atrophy and emerging investigational therapies for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Anti-complement therapy for geographic atrophy Geographic atrophy...
Ranibizumab safety in pregnancy
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a pivotal role during pregnancy, and systemic anti-VEGF administration during this period should thus be avoided. VEGF is expressed in multiple embryonic and foetal tissues during development, with the highest levels found in the...Understanding vasoproliferative retinal tumours
Syed Irtiza Ali Shah explores this rare and unusual condition through a fascinating case presentation. Vasoproliferative tumours of the retina (VPTR) are a vascular mass with an associated exudative retinopathy alongside the presence of minimally dilated feeder vessels. This is...
How reliable is the postoperative diplopia test and can it predict postoperative outcomes?
A two-phase process evaluating the postoperative diplopia test is presented. A standardised operating procedure was used for conducting all postoperative diplopia tests for this study which is described in the paper. Phase one focused on reliability, test-retest and interobserver. Adults...Governments missing opportunity to increase economic progress
Report calls on governments to invest in eye health to address $410.9 billion loss in economic productivity.
Finasteride and central serous chorioretinopathy
The pathophysiology of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is complex and has not been fully elucidated. Suggested theories include hyperpermeability and increased hydrostatic pressure in the choroidal vasculature, which creates RPE detachments overwhelming the RPE barrier function, leading to accumulation of...The adverse effects of COVID-19 on undergraduate ophthalmology education: An opportunity to reform ophthalmology training
The steady erosion of undergraduate ophthalmology teaching, which has been acutely exacerbated by the COVID-19 crisis, has led to a lack of basic ophthalmology examining skills and knowledge amongst clinicians of other specialities. Concurrently, there has been a rise in...
