You searched for "diagnosis"
Diagnosis and management of IV cranial nerve palsy
1 October 2017
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Neuro-Ophthalmology
Aetiology: Trochlear nerve palsy can be divided into acute or congenital. Congenital trochlear nerve palsy is usually noted in childhood with development of abnormal head posture. Various pathologies can lead to acute IV nerve palsy, most commonly trauma. Other causes...
Nystagmus and associated diagnosis
1 December 2014
| Nana Theodorou
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Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus
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achromatopsia, congenital nystagmus, foveal hypoplasia, nystagmus
Patients with nystagmus attending a Low Vision clinic in Sweden were included in this study. Medical records were reviewed to exclude those with general diagnoses that could explain the nystagmus. The remaining group of patients underwent subjective refraction, retinoscopy, ocular...
Diagnosis of ocular tuberculosis
1 August 2018
| Nikolaos D Georgakarakos
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Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
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Ocular tuberculosis, chest X-ray, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release assay (IGRA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), tuberculin skin test
This review article provides an update on the methods diagnosing ocular tuberculosis (TB), the difficulties in making the diagnosis and makes recommendations to a more accurate diagnosis by combining the available diagnostic tests. Today ocular TB remains a presumptive clinical...
Friendly felines and a spot diagnosis
1 June 2014
| Jonathan Park
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Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
A nine-year-old girl presented to me in eye casualty with a three-week history of blurred vision in her left eye. Otherwise she was apparently well, with no past ophthalmic, medical, drug or relevant family history. Visual acuity was 6/4 right...
Diagnosis and management of paediatric keratoconus
3 April 2024
| Ivan Yip
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Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus
This article reviews the current literature on paediatric keratoconus diagnosis and management. Paediatric cases pose challenges as they may not vocalise unilateral changes, difficulty in obtaining reliable imaging, faster rates of progression, difficultly with contact lenses and presumed worse outcomes...
Ocular Dirofilariasis: a diagnosis on the rise?
1 February 2015
| Minak Bahalla, George Henin, Vinod Gangwani
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Ophthalmology, Cornea / External Eye Disease
Dirofilaria repens is one of 40 species of Dirofilaria. It is a zoonotic filarial nematode that commonly impacts dogs, however, human infection can occur through affected organs like skin, lung and eyes [1]. Although, there have been case reports of...
Identification and diagnosis of thalamic haemorrhage
1 August 2014
| Claire Howard
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Neuro-Ophthalmology
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Eye movements, neuro-ophthalmology, thalamic haemorrhage
This paper presents a case of thalamic haemorrhage and discusses clinical findings, providing valuable insight into signs clinicians need to look for. The case presented is of a 76-year-old female who developed left hemiplegia and hemi anaesthesia. Ocular motility testing...
Keratoconus: Diagnosis and Management
3 April 2023
| Ji Mei May Wong
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Ophthalmology
From the history of keratoconus to its diagnosis and management, this book covers everything. Don’t be fooled by thinking keratoconus is a simple disease like I did; this book is dense, and packed with information. The book is divided into...
A standardised strategy for uveitis etiological diagnosis
1 August 2017
| Efrosini Papagiannuli
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Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
This was a prospective, non-inferiority, multicentre randomised control trial, which aimed to assess the effectiveness of a standardised approach in the etiological diagnosis of uveitis versus an open strategy, where clinicians could perform any test. The authors developed their standardised...
RetCam use in differential diagnosis for retinoblastoma
4 December 2023
| Fiona Rowe (Prof)
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Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus
The authors aimed to evaluate RetCam fundus photography and fluorescein angiography (FA) findings in pseudo retinoblastoma. This was a retrospective review of 36 eyes of 28 patients (of which six were female) with 22 bilateral cases. Mean age at presentation...
Differential diagnosis in cases of suspected neuroretinitis
1 June 2016
| Claire Howard
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Neuro-Ophthalmology
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Cat scratch disease, macular star, neuroretinitis, optic disc oedema, rickettsiosis, systemic hypertension
Neuroretinitis is a form of optic neuropathy typically characterised by acute unilateral visual loss with optic disc oedema and macular exudates arranged in a star figure around the fovea (complete or partial star). The purpose of this study was to...