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Retinal pigment epithelium tears

In this paper the authors review the current knowledge of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears. Although rare these can cause loss of visual acuity. They can occur spontaneously in pigment epithelial detachment (PED) due to occult choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), retinal...

OCTA and pigment epithelium detachments

Yannuzzi et al. report on their study aiming to evaluate the ability of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to differentiate vascularised from nonvascularised pigment epithelium detachments (PEDs) using conventional imaging techniques, including fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green (ICG),...

Air toxicity on retinal pigment epithelium

This study investigated the potential toxic effects of air on primary human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in vitro. Clinically during pars plana vitrectomy air is used as either a temporary tamponade during air-fluid exchange or mixed with gas to...

OCT choroidal signs for congenital retinal pigment epithelium hypertrophy

Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (CHRPE) on ocular coherence tomography (OCT) has the characteristic sign of RPE thickening and hyper reflectivity. However, the underlying choroid characteristics remain under researched. This retrospective study utilised data from an ophthalmic oncology...

The effect of everolimus on retinal pigment epithelium and proliferative vitreo-retinopathy

The principal cells involved in proliferative vitreo-retinopathy (PVR) are retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). Everolimus is a drug used in renal cell carcinoma which targets and inhibits a key regulatory protein in cancer (mTOR). In this study, the authors investigated...

Comparison of retinal pigment epithelium-choroid graft surgery and anti-VEGF therapy in patients with wet AMD

This was a randomised intervention study in wet AMD patients to investigate benefits of free RPE-choroid graft transplantation surgery versus (continuation of) anti-VEGF treatment. Twenty patients who met the inclusion criteria were subdivided into three subgroups, i.e. RPE tears involving...

Erythropoietin in healing corneal epithelial defects in rabbits

Corneal epithelial defects heal slowly in patients with diabetes, limbal stem cell deficiency and severe chemical burns. Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that promotes red blood cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of erythroid progenitors as well as nonhematopoietic cells. In...

LASEK vs. epi-LASIK for myopia: meta-analysis

Previous studies have produced inconsistent conclusions on the relative benefits between LASEK vs. Epi-LASIK. LASEK uses 20% alcohol to separate an epithelial flap from the Bowman membrane. After ablation, the epithelial flap is repositioned onto the cornea. Epi-LASIK creates the...

MicroRNA inhibits corneal neovascularisation

MicroRNAs (miR) are small non-coding RNA that target mRNA for destruction. MiR target about 30% of the protein coding genes and fine tune their expression. MiR have been shown to be involved in several cellular processes including cell cycle, tissue...

IOP and reversibility of RPE detachment

The authors describe how three patients with retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) detachment showed a reduction or disappearance of an RPE detachment immediately following prone dark room test (PDRT). The authors performed spectralis OCT on 140 angle closure subjects before and...

Squamous metaplasia of conjunctival epithelial cells with soft contact lens wear versus non-lens wearers

Conjunctiva is composed of non-squamous epithelial cells interspersed with goblet cells, which is a secretory epithelium. Squamous metaplasia is a transformation to non-secretory epithelium, ‘keratinised’ and enlargement of the conjunctival non-goblet cells and relatively shrunken nuclei are seen on impression...